9.2.1 Oral preparations for fluid and electrolyte imbalance |
Return to main page |
9.2.1.1 Oral potassium |
Compensation for potassium loss should be considered in those taking digoxin or anti-arrhythmics, in the elderly, with some |
specific drugs and when there is excessive loss in the faeces. Potassium is not recommended for those on small doses of |
diuretics. |
GREEN Potassium chloride |
tablets effervescent (12mmol) |
syrup 1mmol/ml |
modified release tablets 600mg (8mmol)* |
*(avoid unless effervescent tablets or liquid preparation inappropriate) |
|
Potassium removal |
Polystyrene sulphonate resins may be used to remove excess potassium in mild hyperkalaemia or in moderate hyperkalaemia |
when there are not ECG changes. Intravenous therapy is required in emergencies. |
|
GREEN Polystyrene sulphonate resins (Calcium Resonium®, Resonium A®) |
NICE TA623 Patiromer sorbitex calcium (CCG Commissioned) |
RED Patiromer sorbitex calcium (Veltassa®) - Acute life-threatening hyperkalaemia in emergency care |
RED Patiromer sorbitex calcium (Veltassa®) - confirmed persistent hyperkalaemia - NICE TA623 |
|
RED Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (Lokelma®) (CCG Commissioned) |
NICE TA599 Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate is recommended as an option for treating hyperkalaemia in adults only if used: |
> in emergency care for acute life-threatening hyperkalaemia alongside standard care or |
> for people with persistent hyperkalaemia and chronic kidney disease stage 3b to 5 or heart failure, if they: |
> have a confirmed serum potassium level of at least 6.0mmol/litre and |
> because of hyperkalaemia, are not taking an optimised dosage of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system ( |
(RAS) inhibitor and |
> are not on dialysis [amended 2022] |
Return to main page |
9.2.1.2 Oral sodium and water |
GREEN Sodium chloride tablets m/r 600mg (10mmol sodium) |
Oral rehydration therapy (ORT) | Oral rehydration is the main treatment for mild-moderate diarrhoea. Any unused reconstituted solution should be discarded | after 1 hour unless stored in a fridge when it may be kept for up to 24 hours. | | GREEN Oral rehydration salts (Dioralyte® or Dioralyte Relief®) | AMBER Sodium chloride oral solution 5mmoL/mL Prescribe as SodiClor® (Arjun) | | |